Within 24 months, income and production rise.

The average daily Household Income and Production for partner households more than tripled from baseline levels, rising to $2.21/day. This translates to a cumulative gain of $703 over the period.

Smiling woman in orange and red traditional clothing kneeling outdoors with dried corn cobs and kernels spread on mats near a thatched hut.

Within 24 months, food security increases.

Partner households achieved 87% higher food consumption, with a significant contribution from food that they had produced. Furthermore, 72% of partner households fall into the High Dietary Diversity category, consuming ≥7 food groups.

Smiling person holding fresh leafy greens in a sunny garden or farm setting.

Within 24 months, health and wellbeing improve.

Improvements in water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) meant that households reported instances of waterborne diseases, and households spent 16% less on medical expenses than peer households.

Smiling person holding fresh green leafy vegetables standing outdoors in a garden.

Within 24 months, women and youth participate more.

84% of women and youth-headed households reported reduced economic constraints and 83% reported reduced time constraints due to program interventions.

Smiling person holding fresh green leafy vegetables in a garden under a clear sky.

Within 24 months, families move beyond subsistence and choose their own paths.

Smiling person in a black shirt holding fresh green leafy vegetables outdoors.
Key impact indicators Uganda

2.3 million people and growing.
19X return for every dollar.

The results from two different program cohorts in Uganda, one at the 60-month mark (achieving 19x ROI) and one at the 24-month mark (achieving 6x ROI), demonstrate sustained income growth, strong returns on investment, and lasting progress beyond graduation.

19X Return on Investment

The Total Program Value unlocked by partner households in our 2020 cohort at the 60-month mark was 19X the initial investment.

6X Return on Investment

The Total Program Value unlocked by partner households in our 2023 cohort at the 24-month mark was 6X the initial investment.

$3/day Household Income and Production

At the 60-month mark, the Household Income and Production of households in our 2020 cohort was nearly double that of their peers.

$2.21/day Household Income and Production

At the 24-month mark, the Household Income and Production of households in our 2023 cohort was nearly double that of their peers

315% increase in Annual Agriculture Value

Households in our 2020 cohort increased their Annual Agriculture Value by 315% and generated $1730 more in Agriculture Value than peers over 60 months

376% increase in Annual Agriculture Value

Households in our 2023 cohort increased their Annual Agriculture Value by 376% and generated $653 more in Agriculture Value than peers over 24 months

Smiling woman wearing a headscarf amidst green plants with purple flowers under a gradient blue sky.
Randomized controlled trial results

Lasting impact at a fraction of the cost.

The results of an indpendent randomized controlled trial (RCT) show that our universal graduation program achieves comparable impacts on income, assets, food security, and well-being to traditional graduation and cash-based programs—but at dramatically lower cost, and with benefits exceeding costs within three years.

Two farmers working in a banana plantation, one woman holding a hoe and a man using a hoe on soil.
How we measure and adapt

Our impact measurement framework

Our impact results are built on a rigorous measurement framework. Through longitudinal surveys, randomized sampling, and independent data collection, we track household-level change over multiple years to assess outcomes, compare against peers, and validate long-term impact at scale.

Frequently asked questions

Find answers about how our program works and what it delivers.

How does Raising The Village define ultra-poverty?

We understand ultra-poverty as a condition of acute, multidimensional deprivation in last-mile farming communities where households typically earn less than USD$1 per day and face a high risk of remaining poor without sustained, integrated support.

How does Raising The Village assess whether a household has graduated out of ultra-poverty?

We assess graduation out of ultra-poverty at the cluster level using Household Income and Production (HHI+P) as the primary metric, while examining how income gains relate to improved food security, wealth, quality of life, resilience, and the reduced likelihood of falling back into ultra-poverty.

How does Raising The Village calibrate income targets for graduation?

We use USD$2 per household per day in combined HHI+P as a key program target, grounded in longitudinal data showing that gains at this level are associated with improved food security, asset growth and economic stability.

How does Raising The Village’s graduation metric differ from global poverty lines?

Our graduation metric is designed for program decision-making in last-mile farming contexts. Unlike global poverty lines, which use per-capita, purchasing power parity—adjusted consumption for cross-country monitoring, we assess graduation using household income and production measured at nominal exchange rates to understand livelihood sustainability at the household and community level.

What are the key indicators that Raising The Village uses to assess impact? 

We focus on the following indicators:

  • Household Income and Production: HHI+P represents income generated by a household from all sources, including unsold agricultural produce and livestock and livestock products consumed. Improved agriculture value and income from seasonal and perennial crops remains the most significant contributor to higher HHI+P in partner communities. 
  • Program Value: To assess the overall benefit of our program, we look at the cumulative or Total Program Value. This represents the gains in Annual Household Value (Household Income, Net Production and Livestock Assets) achieved by Raising The Village–member households over the evaluation period compared to peer households. We calculate these gains by comparing changes between the two groups across multiple points. 
  • Return on Investment (ROI): Calculated as the Total Program Value minus the one-time average investment/partner household, divided by the average investment/partner household.
  • Impact Efficiency: The total benefit per dollar invested expressed as a return multiple, indicating the value unlocked for every dollar spent. Return on Investment (ROI): Calculated as the Total Program Value minus the one-time average investment/partner household, divided by the average investment/partner household.
What is the research design behind Raising The Village’s impact measurement?

We use a longitudinal research design, following the same households for five years from baseline to measure change over time. To assess program impact, outcomes for participating households are compared with similar peer households in non-program communities.

How does sampling work?

We apply randomized, stratified probability sampling once at baseline using the full village census as a sampling frame. We stratify households by type: men-headed, women-headed and youth-headed). We sample villages with more than 100 households at 30 households (60/20/20 stratification) and villages with fewer than 100 households at 24 households (50/25/25 stratification). If a sampled household withdraws, we replace it with a reserve household with similar characteristics to maintain statistical integrity throughout the longitudinal study.

How do you use the control or peer group?

Peer communities (control group) receive no intervention. Comparing treatment and control outcomes over time isolates the incremental effect of our programming.

How do you maintain data quality?

We conduct surveys using SurveyCTO, with logical checks and speed violation tracking. Independently trained enumerators collect data under strict protections, overseen by supervisors. GPS validation links location to survey timing. Random backchecks and callbacks are conducted on 10 percent of households. Additional audits include audio recordings (with consent), market price caps, and field testing prior to deployment.

How do you use difference-in-differences (DID)?

Difference-in-differences compares pre- and post-intervention changes in outcomes across treatment and control villages. The impact of the program is calculated as the second difference minus the first difference, isolating the treatment effect apart from external factors.

What statistical analysis and modeling techniques do you apply?

We use Alteryx workflows, STATA and Python for regression analysis. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate methods examine relationships between key variables and household incomes. Outlier management removes the bottom 1 percent and top 4 percent of household program values separately for treatment and control cohorts to achieve normal distribution and comparability before analysis.

What significance thresholds are required for reporting?

Published results require a 95-99 percent statistical confidence level (p ≤ 0.05 or p ≤ 0.01).

How is the approach improving over time?

New indicators are added to expand outcome measurement, aggregation methods are refined to support regional scalability, and digital workflows reduce entry errors and streamline data collection.

Why invest in measurement at this level of rigor?

Rigorous evidence guides program refinement, enables earlier course correction during delivery rather than after, strengthens cost efficiency, and ensures impacts are real, significant and scalable.

Help last-mile communities create a future beyond ultra-poverty.